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Effect of in utero growth retardation on lung function at follow-up of prematurely born infants

¹ Dept of Child Health, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, London, and ² Dept of Paediatrics, Chase Farm Hospital, Enfield, UK.

CORRESPONDENCE: A. Greenough, Dept of Child Health, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK. Fax: 44 2073468284. E-mail: anne.greenough@kcl.ac.uk

Keywords: Lung volume measurements, prematurity

Received: May 20, 2004
Accepted July 12, 2004

B. Yuksel was supported by the Joint Research Committee of King's College Hospital.

The aim of the study was to determine if prematurely born children who had suffered intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) had more severe lung function abnormalities than those born an appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA).

Analysis of the lung function results of 119 infants (median (range) gestational age of 30 (23–35) weeks) was undertaken. In total, 31 of the infants had suffered IUGR and were born small for gestational age (SGA). Functional residual capacity and airways resistance (R_aw) were measured at a median post-natal age of 10 (6–24) months. Specific airway conductance (sG_aw) was calculated from thoracic gas volume and R_aw.

The SGA children were born at a greater gestational age and had a lower body weight at testing than the AGA children. R_aw and sG_aw differed between the SGA and AGA children. Regression analysis demonstrated that lung volumes were significantly related to body weight at testing, R_aw was related to IUGR, maternal smoking and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and sG_aw to maternal smoking.

In conclusion, these results suggest that prematurely born infants who have suffered intra-uterine growth retardation may be at increased risk of impaired lung function at follow-up.

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