This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Permissions Request Permissions Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (29) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Admyre, C. Articles by Gabrielsson, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Admyre, C. Articles by Gabrielsson, S.

Exosomes with major histocompatibility complex class II and co-stimulatory molecules are present in human BAL fluid

¹ Dept of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Allergy Research, ² Division of Respiratory Medicine and ³ Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

CORRESPONDENCE: C. Admyre, Dept of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Allergy Research, Karolinska Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: 46 8335724. E-mail: Charlotte.Admyre@cfa.ki.se

Keywords: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid fluid, CD54, CD86, exosomes, human leukocyte antigen-DR

Received: April 14, 2003
Accepted May 29, 2003

This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (grants no. 16x-7924, 74x-14182, and 6537), the Swedish Council for Work Life Sciences, the Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association's Research Foundation, the Hesselman Foundation, Konsul TH Bergs Foundation, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the Vårdal Foundation, the Centre for Allergy Research at Karolinska Institutet, the King Oscar II Jubilee Foundation, the King Gustaf V 80th Birthday Fund and the Karolinska Institutet.

Abstract

Exosomes are 30–100 nm diameter vesicles formed by inward budding of endosomal compartments and are produced by several cell types, including T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells (DC)s. Exosomes from DCs express major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) class I and II, and co-stimulatory molecules on their surface, and can induce antigen-specific activation of T-cells.

The aims of the present study were to investigate for the presence of exosomes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from healthy individuals, and to establish if these exosomes bear MHC and co-stimulatory molecules.

The authors analysed BALF taken from seven healthy volunteers and used exosomes from monocyte-derived DC (MDDC) cultures as a reference. After ultracentrifugation, exosomes were bound to anti-MHC class II coated magnetic beads and analysed by flow cytometry and electron microscopy.

The authors report for the first time that exosomes are present in BALF. These exosomes are similar to MDDC derived exosomes as they express MHC class I and II, CD54, CD63 and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86.

The results demonstrate that exosomes are present in the lung, and since they contain both major histocompatibility complex and co-stimulatory molecules it is likely that they are derived from antigen presenting cells and might have a regulatory role in local immune defence.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Mathivanan, J. W. E. Lim, B. J. Tauro, H. Ji, R. L. Moritz, and R. J. Simpson Proteomics Analysis of A33 Immunoaffinity-purified Exosomes Released from the Human Colon Tumor Cell Line LIM1215 Reveals a Tissue-specific Protein Signature Mol. Cell. Proteomics, February 1, 2010; 9(2): 197 - 208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kesimer, M. Scull, B. Brighton, G. DeMaria, K. Burns, W. O'Neal, R. J. Pickles, and J. K. Sheehan Characterization of exosome-like vesicles released from human tracheobronchial ciliated epithelium: a possible role in innate defense FASEB J, June 1, 2009; 23(6): 1858 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Prado, E. G. Marazuela, E. Segura, H. Fernandez-Garcia, M. Villalba, C. Thery, R. Rodriguez, and E. Batanero Exosomes from Bronchoalveolar Fluid of Tolerized Mice Prevent Allergic Reaction J. Immunol., July 15, 2008; 181(2): 1519 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Bhatnagar, K. Shinagawa, F. J. Castellino, and J. S. Schorey Exosomes released from macrophages infected with intracellular pathogens stimulate a proinflammatory response in vitro and in vivo Blood, November 1, 2007; 110(9): 3234 - 3244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. H. Kim, N. R. Bianco, W. J. Shufesky, A. E. Morelli, and P. D. Robbins MHC Class II+ Exosomes in Plasma Suppress Inflammation in an Antigen-Specific and Fas Ligand/Fas-Dependent Manner J. Immunol., August 15, 2007; 179(4): 2235 - 2241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Admyre, S. M. Johansson, K. R. Qazi, J.-J. Filen, R. Lahesmaa, M. Norman, E. P. A. Neve, A. Scheynius, and S. Gabrielsson Exosomes with Immune Modulatory Features Are Present in Human Breast Milk J. Immunol., August 1, 2007; 179(3): 1969 - 1978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-P. Caby, D. Lankar, C. Vincendeau-Scherrer, G. Raposo, and C. Bonnerot Exosomal-like vesicles are present in human blood plasma Int. Immunol., July 1, 2005; 17(7): 879 - 887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Segura, C. Nicco, B. Lombard, P. Veron, G. Raposo, F. Batteux, S. Amigorena, and C. Thery ICAM-1 on exosomes from mature dendritic cells is critical for efficient naive T-cell priming Blood, July 1, 2005; 106(1): 216 - 223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]